Paper Birch/White Birch – Betula Papyrifera

General – small to medium-sized, averaging 16 m (54 ft) high, broadleaved hardwood with a small, open crown of spreading and ascending branches. Branchlets are slender and a red-brown. On young trees, trunk bark is reddish-brown but turns to its characteristic white colour as the tree matures. The trunk generally divides low into several arching … Read more

Eastern White Pine – Pinus Strobus

General – large-sized, averaging 22 – 36 m (72 – 118 ft) high, evergreen conifer. Crown full, spreading, generally irregularly shaped. Branchlets slender, gray-green to orange-brown in color. Trunk shows little taper and is generally branchless for over 1/2 its height. Trunk bark on young trees, thin, smooth and gray-green in color. Later becoming thick, … Read more

Siberian Musk Deer – Moschus Moschiferus

Distinguishing Features – The Siberian musk deer is a small member of the deer family; it weighs 7 – 17 kg (15 – 38 lb). The male has canine teeth which grow to a length of 8 cm (3″) and project well below the lips. Habitat The Siberian musk deer prefers forest and brushland at … Read more

Western Hemlock – Tsuga Heterophylla

Distinguishing Features – A tall, coniferous, evergreen tree with a straight trunk, down-swept branches and open, pyramidal crown with a nodding tip; growing to a height of 30 – 50 m and a diameter of 1 m. Needles: nearly flat, soft, glossy, widely spaced along twigs, of two lengths with the shorter ones standing upright … Read more

Understanding Silviculture – Tree Planting

To understand silviculture, one must first understand silvics. Silvics involves understanding how trees grow, reproduce, and respond to environmental changes. Some tree species thrive in shade – sugar maple, red maple, hemlock and basswood are good examples. These species can live, grow, and reproduce in shade and semishade conditions. Many tree species prefer or require … Read more

Red Pine – Pinus Resinosa

The red pine is also called Norway pine. It is one of the most extensively planted species in the northern United States and Canada. General – large-sized, averaging 23 – 32 m (75 – 105 ft) high, evergreen conifer. Crown sparse, oval, over a straight, limbless trunk with little taper. Branches spreading with foliage tufted … Read more